The high-pressure cleaning system is the core component of the car washing machine equipment. Its pressure parameters and nozzle design directly determine the cleaning effect. Next, we will analyze the specific impact of the two on the cleaning ability of the car washing machine from the aspects of pressure setting principle and nozzle structure characteristics.
The pressure parameters of the high-pressure cleaning system of the car washing machine are usually between 50-150bar, and the pressure directly affects the impact force of the water flow. When the pressure is too low, the water flow cannot effectively remove stubborn stains such as mud, asphalt, etc. on the surface of the car paint; if the pressure is too high, it may damage the car paint, causing scratches or peeling on the paint surface. Scientific pressure setting needs to comprehensively consider the type of stains and the material of the car paint. For example, for ordinary dust and mud stains, a pressure of 70-90bar can meet the cleaning needs; and for sticky stains such as asphalt and bird droppings, the pressure needs to be increased to 100-120bar. At the same time, the stability of the pressure is also very important. Excessive pressure fluctuations will cause uneven cleaning effects and even damage the equipment itself. Therefore, modern car washing machines are mostly equipped with pressure stabilizing devices to ensure that the pressure remains constant during the cleaning process.
Lower pressure (50-70bar) is suitable for the pre-rinsing stage. Its gentle water flow can initially wash away the floating dust and large particles of sand on the surface of the car body, avoiding the sand from rubbing against the car paint during subsequent cleaning. Medium pressure (80-100bar) is the main force for conventional cleaning. It can effectively remove road stains, gum, etc., and is relatively friendly to car paint, suitable for daily car washing. High pressure (110-150bar) is mostly used in areas where stubborn stains are concentrated, such as wheels and chassis. High-intensity water flow can penetrate deep into the gaps and disintegrate sludge and rust, but the spray distance and time must be strictly controlled to prevent irreversible damage to the car paint. In actual operation, the smart car washing machine will automatically adjust the pressure parameters according to the type of stains identified by the sensor to achieve precise cleaning.
As the terminal component of the high-pressure cleaning system, the structural design of the nozzle directly affects the water flow shape and coverage. Common nozzle types include fan nozzles, circular nozzles and rotary nozzles. The fan-shaped nozzle disperses the high-pressure water flow into a flat fan through a special guide groove design, expanding the single spray area, which is suitable for large-area cleaning of the car body; the water flow sprayed by the circular nozzle is columnar, with concentrated impact force, and is often used for fixed-point removal of local stubborn stains; the rotary nozzle has a built-in rotatable component, which drives the nozzle to rotate at high speed through the water flow to form a spiral water flow, which has both impact force and coverage, and is especially suitable for cleaning complex surfaces. In addition, the material and caliber of the nozzle are also crucial. Wear-resistant ceramic or stainless steel materials can extend the service life, while different calibers (such as 0.8mm, 1.2mm) determine the speed and flow of the water flow.
The spray angle and atomization effect of the nozzle also affect the cleaning efficiency. A larger spray angle (such as 60°-90°) can increase the cleaning coverage and reduce the number of repeated sprays, but it will reduce the impact force per unit area; a smaller spray angle (15°-30°) can concentrate the water flow energy and improve the cleaning intensity. A nozzle with good atomization effect can disperse the water flow evenly, avoid damage to the car paint due to excessive local pressure, and enhance the penetration ability of the detergent. For example, when cleaning hard-to-reach parts such as the roof, the atomizing nozzle can ensure that the detergent is fully attached and improve the cleaning effect. In addition, the arrangement layout and spray direction design of the nozzle need to be coordinated with the movement trajectory of the car washing machine to ensure that every part of the car body can be effectively covered.
To achieve the best cleaning effect, the pressure parameters and nozzle design need to cooperate with each other. High pressure with a small-caliber circular nozzle can form a columnar water flow with strong penetrating power, which is suitable for deep cleaning; medium pressure with a fan-shaped nozzle can ensure the cleaning effect while taking into account the cleaning efficiency. For complex curved surfaces or irregular parts, a rotating nozzle combined with a variable pressure system can be used to dynamically adjust the pressure and water flow form during the cleaning process. In actual applications, car washing machine manufacturers have established a pressure-nozzle matching database through a large number of tests. Users can quickly select the appropriate parameter combination according to different cleaning needs, which can not only ensure the cleaning effect, but also extend the service life of the equipment and vehicles.
During use, insufficient pressure or nozzle blockage is a common fault. Insufficient pressure may be caused by water pump failure, pipeline leakage or failure of the pressure regulating device, which needs to be checked and repaired one by one. The nozzle blockage is mostly caused by impurities or detergent residues in the water, which can be unblocked by backwashing, ultrasonic cleaning, etc. If the nozzle is severely worn, it needs to be replaced in time. In addition, the deviation of the nozzle spray angle will also affect the cleaning effect. The nozzle position can be adjusted by the calibration device to ensure the accurate direction of the water flow. Regular maintenance of the high-pressure cleaning system and checking the pressure stability and nozzle working status are the key to ensuring the cleaning effect.
With the advancement of technology, high-pressure cleaning systems are developing in the direction of intelligence and refinement. In the future, car washers may be equipped with AI image recognition technology to automatically detect the distribution of vehicle stains and dynamically adjust pressure parameters and nozzle working modes; the new nozzle design will integrate nanotechnology to achieve more uniform water flow distribution and higher atomization efficiency; at the same time, the environmentally friendly high-pressure cleaning system will adopt a lower pressure and more water-saving design, and by optimizing the water flow form and detergent formula, it will reduce water consumption while improving the cleaning effect. These innovations will make car washers’ high-pressure cleaning systems more efficient, smarter and more environmentally friendly.
